MOLIBDÊNIO NO METABOLISMO E DINÂMICA VEGETAL: UMA REVISÃO

Abstract

Micronutrients are essential elements required by plants in small amounts. Despite the low need, the metabolic activities of vegetables are limited if micronutrients are unavailable, resulting in abnormalities, reduced growth and lower yields. In the group of micronutrients, molybdenum stands out. It is a nutrient belonging to the group of essential micronutrients for plants, participating in several reactions in plant metabolism. The physiological function of molybdenum is associated with nitrogen metabolism in plants, such as biological nitrogen fixation (nitrogenase), nitrate assimilation (nitrate reductase) and protein synthesis. The main molybdic sources are sodium molybdate, ammonium molybdate, calcium molybdate, molybdenum trioxide or molybdenum oxide and molybdic acid. Molybdenum has good mobility in the soil, being absorbed by plants as molybdate, an anionic form present in the soil solution, reaching the roots mainly via mass flow and then transported by the xylem. It is redistributed from older to newer parts in the anionic form of maximum oxidation. When supplied via the foliar, Mo is partially mobile in the plant. Therefore, it is noteworthy that molybdenum is essential for the healthy development of plants.